Article by Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa S, B.A.M.S
Now we have to think about many elements in treating ailments. Many Acharyas have given completely different units of things to be thought of in treating ailments, in numerous chapters, in line with the context and as and when applicable.
Amongst such elements, Acharya Vagbhata has talked about three important elements to be thought of in treating the ailments successfully. They’re –
1. Samutthana Vishesha / Hetu Vishesha
2. Adhistana Antarani and
3. Vikara Prakriti
Reference – Ashtanga Hridaya Sutra Sthana, Chapter 12, verse 65-66 (A.Hr.Su.12/65, 66)
On this article, we are going to attempt to know extra about these elements.
Three necessary elements to be thought of to successfully deal with ailments
स एव कुपितो दोषः समुत्थानविशेषतः।
स्थानान्तराणि च प्राप्य विकारान् कुरुते बहून्॥६५॥
तस्माद्विकारप्रकृतीरधिष्ठानान्तराणि च।
बुद्ध्वा हेतुविशेषश्च शीघ्रं कुर्यादुपक्रमम्॥६६॥
First, allow us to attempt to perceive why so many ailments are manifested. Why do now we have so many subtypes of every illness? The solutions to those questions will even give a readability in regards to the understanding of the above talked about three elements.
1. Samuttana / Karana / Hetu Vishesha –
To begin with, all ailments are manifested after we get uncovered to Nidanas i.e. causative or etiological elements of a illness. Every illness has an enormous record of etiological elements which might trigger the illness. These etiological elements would trigger disturbance of doshas within the physique and thus the illness course of or pathogenesis begins.
So, which etiological issue will affect and irritate which dosha or doshas and to what proportions can’t be stated. This arithmetic varies from individual to individual. So, the character of etiological elements can’t be understood nor the best way they behave after they are available in contact with the physique. In the identical individual, the identical etiological issue could disturb completely different dosha at completely different instances and trigger completely different units of signs or ailments.
This provides us a readability relating to the multiplicity of ailments brought about because of particular natures of causative elements and the way they affect the doshas and dhatus within the physique.
So, a doctor ought to have a exact information of Hetu Visheshata to deal with a illness correctly.
2. Sthana / Adhistana Antarani –
The lodgment of aggravated dosha or doshas within the tissues and inflicting tissue injury is the subsequent step within the pathogenesis of any illness.
As stated above, the causative elements, because of their particular nature, would affect a dosha or doshas in some ways. These doshas journey within the physique (as within the prasara stage of kriyakala). They’d discover a weak and prone place to lodge themselves, within the type of tissues and organs. Wherever they discover a weak tissue or organ (which can also be made up of tissues) or deformity of channels of transportation (kha vaigunya), the doshas get lodged or blocked therein respectively. That is referred to as as sthana samshraya or dosha dushya sammurchana – amalgamation of vitiated dosha and weak dhatu or lodgment of highly effective and aggravated dosha in weak and prone tissue. That is the fourth stage of kriya kala (cycle of pathogenesis) and is a crucial stage for the illness to type.
So, this sthana i.e. seat (tissue, organ) whereby the doshas would flow into get lodged are once more of various sorts. These ailments would produce the illness relying on the character of sthana, which is many. So, a selected dosha in circulation may cause a extreme migraine getting lodged within the head or arthritis getting lodged within the joints relying on the place they discover the lodgment. So, the manifestation of the illness can also be based mostly on the character of the sthana. So, it will be important for a doctor to know the Sthana Antarani to deal with a illness successfully.
3. Vikara Prakriti –
The third and an important issue to be thought of is the primary dosha inflicting the illness and its nature of aggravation, by which nidanas it has undergone aggravation and through which sthana it’s lodged. This additionally includes understanding particular qualities of doshas which have undergone improve. That is referred to as Vikalpa Samprapti i.e. fractional understanding of dosha concerned within the pathogenesis of a illness.
So, a doctor ought to have a radical information of the vikara prakriti i.e., the character of dosha and the illness attributable to it.
To sum up,
The aggravated doshas, relying on the character of their causative elements, on reaching completely different elements of the physique (and discovering lodgment therein), will produce many sorts of ailments.
Subsequently, a doctor ought to know all these three elements and the connection between them.
The remedy of the illness brought about in such a manner, by many sorts of causative elements and involving many seats of lodgment of doshas, must be performed in fast time after correctly understanding vikara prakriti, adhistana antarani and hetu vishesha.
